Biology PKMCQs with answers covering key topics for NTS, FPSC, PPSC, and ETEA, these solved MCQs will help you strengthen your biology concepts. Start practicing today!
Biology Pkmcqs with answer:
1. The basic unit of life is:
a) Atom
b) Molecule
c) Cell ✅
d) Tissue
2. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
a) Nucleus
b) Chloroplast
c) Mitochondria ✅
d) Ribosome
3. DNA stands for:
a) Deoxyribonucleic acid ✅
b) Dextrose nitrogen acid
c) Deoxyribose amino acid
d) Double nitrogen acid
4. The process of converting light energy into chemical energy in plants is called:
a) Respiration
b) Transpiration
c) Photosynthesis ✅
d) Fermentation
5. The largest organ in the human body is:
a) Heart
b) Brain
c) Liver
d) Skin ✅
6. The pigment responsible for photosynthesis is:
a) Hemoglobin
b) Melanin
c) Chlorophyll ✅
d) Carotene
7. The study of heredity and genes is called:
a) Anatomy
b) Genetics ✅
c) Ecology
d) Botany
8. Which vitamin is produced in the skin when exposed to sunlight?
a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin B
c) Vitamin C
d) Vitamin D ✅
9. The longest bone in the human body is:
a) Humerus
b) Radius
c) Tibia
d) Femur ✅
10. Which part of the cell contains genetic material?
a) Mitochondria
b) Ribosome
c) Nucleus ✅
d) Golgi body
11. The fluid part of blood is called:
a) Plasma ✅
b) Platelets
c) White blood cells
d) Red blood cells
12. The smallest unit of inheritance is:
a) Gene ✅
b) Chromosome
c) DNA
d) RNA
13. Which organ filters blood and produces urine?
a) Liver
b) Kidney ✅
c) Heart
d) Pancreas
14. The function of ribosomes is:
a) Energy production
b) Protein synthesis ✅
c) Digestion
d) Cell division
15. The process by which cells divide to produce identical daughter cells is called:
a) Meiosis
b) Mitosis ✅
c) Binary fission
d) Budding
16. The functional unit of the kidney is:
a) Nephron ✅
b) Glomerulus
c) Ureter
d) Alveoli
17. Which enzyme digests starch?
a) Lipase
b) Amylase ✅
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
18. The primary function of red blood cells is:
a) Fight infection
b) Carry oxygen ✅
c) Transport nutrients
d) Form blood clots
19. Which gas is released during respiration?
a) Oxygen
b) Carbon dioxide ✅
c) Nitrogen
d) Hydrogen
20. The hormone that regulates blood sugar levels is:
a) Insulin ✅
b) Adrenaline
c) Estrogen
d) Thyroxine
21. The largest part of the human brain is:
a) Cerebrum ✅
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla
d) Pons
22. The waste product of photosynthesis is:
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Oxygen ✅
c) Nitrogen
d) Water
23. The smallest bone in the human body is:
a) Femur
b) Tibia
c) Stapes ✅
d) Humerus
24. The fluid that cushions the brain is:
a) Plasma
b) Synovial fluid
c) Cerebrospinal fluid ✅
d) Lymph
25. The part of the brain that controls emotions is:
a) Cerebrum ✅
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla
d) Hypothalamus
26. The structure in the lungs responsible for gas exchange is:
a) Trachea
b) Bronchi
c) Alveoli ✅
d) Diaphragm
27. The process by which green plants make their own food is called:
a) Transpiration
b) Respiration
c) Photosynthesis ✅
d) Osmosis
28. Which blood type is a universal donor?
a) A
b) B
c) AB
d) O-negative ✅
29. The largest artery in the body is:
a) Pulmonary artery
b) Carotid artery
c) Aorta ✅
d) Coronary artery
30. The tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach is:
a) Trachea
b) Urethra
c) Esophagus ✅
d) Duodenum
31. Which organ produces bile?
a) Liver ✅
b) Pancreas
c) Gallbladder
d) Stomach
32. Which blood cells fight infections?
a) Red blood cells
b) White blood cells ✅
c) Platelets
d) Plasma
33. The structural and functional unit of the nervous system is:
a) Neuron ✅
b) Axon
c) Myelin
d) Synapse
34. The pigment responsible for skin color is:
a) Hemoglobin
b) Melanin ✅
c) Chlorophyll
d) Carotene
35. The enzyme that breaks down fats is:
a) Amylase
b) Lipase ✅
c) Pepsin
d) Trypsin
36. The functional unit of the nervous system is:
a) Neuron ✅
b) Axon
c) Myelin
d) Synapse
37. The part of the brain that regulates body temperature is:
a) Hypothalamus ✅
b) Cerebellum
c) Medulla
d) Cerebrum
38. The protein that makes up hair and nails is:
a) Collagen
b) Hemoglobin
c) Keratin ✅
d) Elastin
39. The muscle that helps in breathing is:
a) Intercostal muscle
b) Abdominal muscle
c) Diaphragm ✅
d) Deltoid
40. The part of the flower that produces pollen is:
a) Ovary
b) Stigma
c) Anther ✅
d) Petal
41. The smallest unit of a chemical element is:
a) Molecule
b) Atom ✅
c) Cell
d) Proton
42. The part of the human brain responsible for coordination and balance is:
a) Cerebrum
b) Medulla
c) Cerebellum ✅
d) Hypothalamus
43. The outermost layer of the skin is called:
a) Dermis
b) Epidermis ✅
c) Hypodermis
d) Endoderm
44. The main function of platelets is:
a) Oxygen transport
b) Blood clotting ✅
c) Digestion
d) Immunity
45. Which hormone is responsible for the fight-or-flight response?
a) Insulin
b) Adrenaline ✅
c) Thyroxine
d) Estrogen
46. The enzyme that converts lactose into glucose and galactose is:
a) Amylase
b) Lactase ✅
c) Pepsin
d) Lipase
47. The powerhouse of the plant cell is:
a) Nucleus
b) Chloroplast
c) Mitochondria ✅
d) Ribosome
48. The deficiency of vitamin C causes:
a) Rickets
b) Scurvy ✅
c) Night blindness
d) Beriberi
49. The part of the digestive system responsible for nutrient absorption is:
a) Stomach
b) Large intestine
c) Small intestine ✅
d) Esophagus
50. The process by which plants lose water through stomata is called:
a) Photosynthesis
b) Transpiration ✅
c) Respiration
d) Excretion
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